Ram Subramanian is the managing director of the Brennan Center’s Justice Program. He plays a critical role in helping to shape and direct the programmatic work, including data-driven reports and analyses that examine the racial and economic disparities in the criminal justice system.
Prior to joining the Brennan Center, Subramanian served as the editorial director of the Vera Institute of Justice, where he oversaw all of the organization's outward-facing publications. Before his appointment as editorial director, Subramanian worked in Vera’s Center on Sentencing and Corrections, providing research and technical assistance to state and county departments of corrections. His primary focus areas were sentencing laws, community corrections, prison conditions, and addressing sexual abuse in custodial settings. Subramanian also played a leadership role in starting Vera’s international comparative sentencing and corrections work. In this capacity, he planned multiple study trips to Northern Europe between 2013 and 2019, helping to jump-start a new movement of criminal justice practitioners, advocates, and other social justice organizations focused on how European criminal justice policy and practice can inform reform efforts in the United States. In both of his roles, Subramanian researched and wrote many groundbreaking reports, including Reimagining Prison, Incarceration’s Front Door, Out of Sight, Overlooked, and Playbook for Change?.
Earlier in his career, Subramanian worked as a researcher, advocate, and human rights lawyer in Zimbabwe and South Africa, focusing on issues of democracy, judicial independence, and sexual and political violence. He holds an undergraduate degree from Wesleyan University, a master's degree in international affairs from Columbia University, and a law degree from the University of Melbourne Law School.
Publications
In the Shadows: A Review of the Research on Plea Bargaining, Vera Institute of Justice, September 2020
Broken Ground: Why America Keeps Building More Jails and What it Can do Instead, Vera Institute of Justice, November 2019
Gatekeepers: The role of police in ending mass incarceration, Vera Institute of Justice, August 2019
The State of Prisons, Vera Institute of Justice, January 2019
The State of Sentencing, Vera Institute of Justice, January 2019
Reimagining Prison in Germany and Norway, Vera Institute of Justice, October 2018
Reimagining Prison, Vera Institute of Justice, October 2018
Divided Justice: Trends in Black and White Jail Incarceration, 1990-2013, Vera Institute of Justice, February 2018
A Path to Recovery: Treating Opioid Use in West Virginia’s Criminal Justice System, Vera Institute of Justice, October 2017
Out of Sight: The Growth of Jails in Rural America, Vera Institute of Justice, June 2017
The Price of Prisons: Examining State Spending Trends, 2010-2015, Vera Institute of Justice, May 2017
To Protect and Serve: New Trends in State-Level Policing Reform, 2015-2016, Vera Institute of Justice, April 2017
Coming Home An Evaluation of the New York City Housing Authority’s Family Reentry Pilot Program, Vera Institute of Justice, November 2016
Common Ground: How all of Oregon Contributes to Criminal Justice Reform, Vera Institute of Justice, November 2016
Remote Access: Using Video Technology to Treat Substance Users on Probation and Parole in South Dakota, Vera Institute of Justice, November 2016
Bridging the Divide: Improving Parole Outcomes for Native Americans in South Dakota, Vera Institute of Justice, November 2016
Overlooked: Women and Jails in an Era of Reform, Vera Institute of Justice, August 2016
Justice in Review: New Trends in State Sentencing and Corrections, 2014-2015, Vera Institute of Justice, May 2016
Making the Grade, Vera Institute of Justice, December 2015
Partnering with Community Sexual Assault Response Teams: A Guide for Local Community Confinement and Juvenile Detention Facilities, Vera Institute of Justice, December 2015
In Our Own Backyard: Confronting Growth and Disparities in American Jails, Vera Institute of Justice, December 2015
Solitary Confinement: Common Misconceptions and Emerging Safe Alternatives, Vera Institute of Justice, May 2015
Relief in Sight? States Rethink the Collateral Consequences of Criminal Conviction, 2009-2014, Vera Institute of Justice, December 2014
Doing the Right Thing: The Evolving Role of Human Dignity in American Sentencing and Corrections, Federal Sentencing Reporter, October 2014
Recalibrating Justice: A Review of 2013 State Sentencing and Corrections Trends, Vera Institute of Justice, July 2014
Drug War Détente? A Review of State-level Drug Law Reform, 2009-2013, Vera Institute of Justice, April 2014
Playbook for Change? States Reconsider Mandatory Sentences, Vera Institute of Justice, February 2014
Sentencing and Prison Practices in Germany and the Netherlands: Implications for the United States, Vera Institute of Justice, October 2013
Peugh v. United States: Advisory sentencing guidelines cannot apply retroactively, Vera Institute of Justice, July 2013
Alleyne v. United States, Vera Institute of Justice, July 2013
Lessons from the past: Remand detention and pre-trial services, South African Crime Quarterly, March 2013
Realigning Justice Resources A Review of Population and Spending Shifts in Prison and Community Corrections, Vera Institute of Justice, September 2012
Zimbabwe: The promise of the community service order is forestalled by court congestion and political crisis, Vera Institute of Justice, June 2012
A View from the States: Evidence-Based Public Safety Legislation, Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, Summer 2012
Supreme Court: Recognizing plea bargaining as the norm, Vera Institute of Justice, April 2012
After the riots, Vera Institute of Justice, August 2011
How will a new law affect South Africa's pretrial population?, Vera Institute of Justice, September 2011
Articles & Commentary
The criminal justice system can be different in a Biden administration, The Hill, December 9, 2020
Additional Media Appearances
Policing reforms came to San Diego, but for activists the biggest changes remain elusive, San Diego Union-Tribune, May 23, 2021
Capitol Insider: Rise in pretrial detentions alarm bail reform proponents, Times Union, September 18, 2020
Why Do Rural Areas Keep Building New Jails?, The Crime Report, November 22, 2019
Architecture and Prison Reform, Architectural Record, March 4, 2019
Florida Could Start a Criminal-Justice Data Revolution, Wired, March 13, 2018
In Growth of Jail Populations, Rural Areas Outpace Big Cities, Wall Street Journal, June 13, 2017
Rural America's Jail Dilemma, The Crime Report, July 6, 2017
Opioid crisis blamed as cause for rural Ohio counties' need for new jails, The Columbus Dispatch, June 23, 2017
Think crowded jails are an urban problem? A new study says rural jails are growing fast, Washington Post, June 13, 2017
How Maryland came to repeal mandatory minimums for drug offenders, Washington Post, June 1, 2016